Harmful Effects of Plastic Essay Example for Free

Hurtful Effects of Plastic Essay Creation and Types of Plastic A plastic is made up chiefly of a fastener along with plasticizers, fillers, colors, and different added substances. The fastener gives a plastic its fundamental qualities and for the most part its name. Along these lines, polyvinyl chloride is both the name of a folio and the name of a plastic into which it is made. Folios might be characteristic materials, e.g., cellulose subsidiaries, casein, or milk protein, yet are all the more ordinarily engineered pitches. In either case, the fastener materials comprise of extremely long chainlike atoms called polymers. Cellulose subsidiaries are produced using cellulose, a normally happening polymer; casein is likewise a normally happening polymer. Manufactured saps are polymerized, or developed, from little basic atoms called monomers. Plasticizers are added to a cover to expand adaptability and durability. Fillers are added to improve specific properties, e.g., hardness or protection from stun. Shades are utilized to confer different hues. For all intents and purposes any ideal shading or shape and numerous mixes of the properties of hardness, sturdiness, flexibility, and protection from warmth, cold, and corrosive can be gotten in a plastic. There are two essential kinds of plastic: thermosetting, which can't be resoftened subsequent to being exposed to warmth and weight; and thermoplastic, which can be more than once mollified and remolded by warmth and weight. At the point when warmth and weight are applied to a thermoplastic cover, the chainlike polymers slide past one another, giving the material versatility. Be that as it may, when warmth and weight are at first applied to a thermosetting cover, the sub-atomic chains become cross-connected, consequently forestalling any slippage if warmth and weight are reapplied. - Be Wise With Plastics Plastics are all over and much of the time are entirely moderate and helpful. In any case, progressively researchers are finding that a concealed expense might be our wellbeing. Some regular plastics discharge hurtful synthetic concoctions into our air, nourishments, and beverages. Perhaps you can’t see or taste it, however in the event that you’re serving your supper on plastic, you’re likely eating somewhat plastic for supper. Past the prompt wellbeing dangers, our expanding utilization of plastics is causing a colossal measure of suffering contamination. All of plastic that has ever been made despite everything exists (aside from the smidgen that has been burned, which discharges poisonous synthetic concoctions). In the sea, plastic waste is gathering in mammoth gyres of flotsam and jetsam where, among other thing, fish are ingesting poisonous plastic bits at a rate which will before long make them risky to eat. Plastic is commonly harmful to deliver, poisonous to utilize, and poisonous to discard. Fortunately, we would all be able to settle on more secure decisions. What to Do The best activity is to lessen your utilization of plastic. Search for normal choices like materials, strong wood, bamboo, glass, hardened steel, and so on. Additionally, search for things with less (or no) plastic bundling. In the event that you do purchase plastic, pick items you can reuse or re-reason (for example a yogurt tub can be re-used to store colored pencils). Furthermore, become acquainted with your plastics †beginning with this guide: The most widely recognized plastics have a pitch code in a pursuing bolt image (regularly found on the base of the item). PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate): Stay away from Regular Uses: Soda Bottles, Water Bottles, Cooking Oil Bottles Concerns: Can drain antimony and phthalates. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene): SAFER Basic Uses: Milk Jugs, Plastic Bags, Yogurt Cups PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride, otherwise known as Vinyl): AVOID Basic Uses: Condiment Bottles, Cling Wrap, Teething Rings, Toys, Shower Curtains Concerns: Can filter lead and phthalates in addition to other things. Can likewise off-gas poisonous synthetic concoctions. LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene): More secure Basic Uses: Produce Bags, Food Storage Containers PP (Polypropylene): SAFER Basic Uses: Bottle Caps, Storage Containers, Dishware PS (Polystyrene, otherwise known as Styrofoam): AVOID Basic Uses: Meat Trays, Foam Food Containers Cups Concerns: Can drain cancer-causing styrene and estrogenic alkylphenols Other this is a trick all class which incorporates: PC (Polycarbonate): AVOID can filter Bisphenol-A (BPA). It additionally incorporates ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), SAN (Styrene Acrylonitrile), Acrylic, and Polyamide. These plastics can be a more secure choice since they are regularly entirely strong and impervious to high warmth bringing about less filtering. Their disadvantages are that they are not commonly recyclable and some need extra wellbeing research. New plant-based, biodegradable plastics like PLA (Polylactic Acid) likewise fall into the #7 class.

Economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Economy - Assignment Example The association was built up in 1944 and in mid 1995, it supplanted the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), turning into the primary association fuelling the procedure of exchange dealings. The Secretariat of the WTO is available in Geneva and in excess of 140 nations are individuals from the association, comprising for about 97% of the exchange everywhere throughout the world. 30 different nations have an arranging enrollment in WTO. The primary job of WTO is to alleviate the hindrances that are available to worldwide exchange just as to make the procedure of exchange on the global level increasingly straightforward and unsurprising. Also the WTO capacities to direct and authorize the laws that are planned by the association to keep up straightforwardness in exchange and to control the trading of merchandise that occur under the classification of imports and fares of the two products and enterprises. The laws that are passed by the WTO can be altered through exchange deal ings to advance the certified interests of the individuals. It very well may be contended that alterations to exchange arrangements affect the economy of the nation similarly as exchange strategies themselves do. The point of this paper is to dig in more noteworthy insight about the rudiments of financial investigation and how is it utilized in exchange arrangements. Additionally the paper investigates the plausible financial advantages that may come full circle because of the accomplishment of the exchange dealings. The paper talks about how financial matters can be utilized with the end goal of distinguishing proof of current disappointment of Beneficiaries to go to an understanding in regards to exchange arrangements. Examining the WTO in this specific situation, one comes to welcome that the association serves two prime capacities (Bruch and Environmental Law Institute 2002). Initially, the WTO has a policymaking job. This follows WTO gives a stage to countries to come join toge ther and talk about different parts of exchange between them. Nations are assembled to arrange multilateral exchange understandings. In such manner, the WTO likewise has the power to survey the exchange approaches of the part nations. Furthermore, the WTO serves a contest settlement job. The WTO gives one more stage to nations to go to an answer viewing their questions which surface because of the exchange understandings between the nations. The policymaking job of the Organization is basically part determined; then again, the debate settlement position gives the obligation of settling questions to autonomous specially appointed boards (Bruch and Environmental Law Institute 2002). One angle that the Organization needs to manage regard to exchange is exchange dealings. Dealings are fashioned with predicaments and differences among the partaking countries and it is difficult to arrive at an accord in regards to a significant number of the issues being talked about. While taking an int erest in a culmination, countries would will in general get their form of the correction put into impact, supporting their own national needs. Along these lines, one can set up that the procedure of exchange dealings on such a huge scope is never a success win circumstance. The procedure of exchange arrangements between nations affects the principles and guidelines that WTO drafts and implements. The procedure of exchange arrangements and the ensuing changes that are made to the exchange agreeme

Fall 2017 New Students Series Karl Hendler COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Fall 2017 New Students Series Karl Hendler COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This week I shared were gearing up for our annual introduction series featuring the incoming Fall 2017 class. To get us started, please welcome Karl Hendler from Richfield, Ohio. Karl was a philosophy major from the University of Southern California, and joined the US Marine Corps upon graduation. (Thank you for your service, Karl!) Hes joining SIPA to change gears and focus more on  designing policy rather than executing it.   Full Name:  Karl Hendler Age:  31 Degree Program:  Master of Public Administration Concentration:  International Security Policy Hometown:  Richfield, OH Undergraduate University:  Univ Southern California Undergraduate Major:  Philosophy Undergraduate Graduation Year:  2008 What’s your professional background? Immediately upon graduating college, I was commissioned into the US Marine Corps as a Second Lieutenant. I spent my first year in training in Quantico, VA, first in The Basic School (infantry training for all newly commissioned Marine officers) and then at Basic Communications Officer Course. I spent the next eight years as a communications officer, a specialty in which I planned and supervised the installation and operation of voice, video, and data communications networks at various levels throughout the Marine Corps. In this time, Ive lived in Okinawa, Japan, Camp Lejeune, NC, and another stint in Quantico. Ive also deployed on the USS Essex, taking part in exercises and port visits throughout Asia (Korea, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, and the Philippines). In 2013, I deployed to Helmand Province, Afghanistan, for a year as a future operations officer, taking part in the planning of the years operations. Lastly, in Quantico I am currently serving as a capabilities devel opment officer, planning the implementation of future technologies throughout the Marine Corps. I will resign my commission at the end of June, with a final rank of Captain. Did you apply to SIPA to change careers or to gain experience in a career path you already have experience in? I see myself as changing careers into a related field. As a Marine Ive served more of an instrument of foreign and public policy, and SIPA will give me the opportunity of transitioning into influencing the formulation of policy. What was your reaction when you found out you were accepted to SIPA? My first reaction was a giant sigh of relief. SIPA was by far my first choice school, and I had no idea what to expect when I applied after being out of school for so long. Without any reference point as to how competitive I was as an applicant, I was extremely nervous during the entire application period. Why did you say yes to SIPA? SIPA was my first choice for two main reasons. First, academically, SIPA appears to strike the right balance for me in terms of focus. Programs like those offered at the Harvard Kennedy School seemed very broad in addressing public policy; whereas others like the Security Studies Program at Georgetown seemed too narrow in focusing on security exclusively. SIPA, I think, takes the best parts of those schools and molds them together into a very well-rounded program. Secondly, I love the location, quite frankly. My wife and I have always wanted to live in New York. What do you most look forward to as a graduate student at SIPA? I look forward most to getting exposed to the wide range of diverse people and perspectives. Ive thus far spent my entire (albeit relatively short) adult life in the Marine Corps, living and working among other Marines almost exclusively. I think I see the world through a lens provided by the military, and I am keen to gain a more comprehensive view of the world around me. Do you have any apprehensions about starting graduate school? I graduated college in 2008, and with the exception of GRE prep and taking economics and statistics online to reinforce my transcript, Ive been removed from academics for seemingly a lifetime. Id like to think Ill do well, but I wont know for sure until we start in the fall. What are your goals after SIPA? Broadly, I want to continue serving my country, though this time around Id like to have a say (however small) in forming national security policy, using my experience in the military to hopefully inform plans and ideas concerning military interventions. Ill be looking at government agencies for those opportunities, but I also look forward to exploring private options as well. If you could change one small thing about your community, country or the world, what would it be? Id like to tweak how leaders think about military interventions: often we see debates about intervening in a country with leaders speaking in terms of numbers of troops, bombs dropped, or missiles launched. Whenever a government considers any kind of military operation in another country, however, Id like to consider those in the country being impacted and focus on potential long-term ramifications on how, as a society, they will view us and cooperate (or not) with us in the future. Tell us something interesting about yourself: I spent the first three days of my life without a name: My parents had planned to name me Peter Hendler III, but when I was born my mom thought I didnt look like a Peter. My parents spent the next three days in vain attempting to decide upon another name, until my grandmother suggested the name of her brother, Karl. Share your story by completing  the New Student Self-Interview Form  today! [Photos courtesy of Karl Hendler | At Fredericksburg, VA, Oktoberfest, Sep 2016 | With Stacy and my son William at the DC Cherry Blossom Festival, Mar 2017] *Note: This series is published in its original form with no editing.

MANAGING LEARNER PARTICIPATION IN THE CLASSROOM Essay

QUESTION 1: MANAGING LEARNER PARTICIPATION IN THE CLASSROOM TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION 1. LEARNER MOTIVATION 2. GROUP WORK 3. CULTURAL DIVERSITY 4. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES 5. TEACHING AND LEARNING STYLES 6. CONCLUSION 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY A. INTRODUCTION Irrespective of the depth of knowledge of the subject matter and teaching techniques known by an educator, it is very paramount for educators to know how to get learners actively involved in learning. It is very crucial to understand how to manage the entire classroom so as to get learners engaged in the task marked for them such that they are excited to be at school, eager to learn, and focused on lessons. I will be examining this task under the following aspects:†¦show more content†¦Will say something to the effect that If you can handle the examples on these problem sheets, you can pass the exam. People who have trouble with these examples can ask me for extra help. Or instead of saying Youre way behind, tell the student, Here is one way you could go about learning the material. How can I help you? Strengthen students self-motivation. Avoid messages that reinforce the power of an instructor or that emphasize extrinsic rewards. Instead of saying I require, you must, or you should, I would rather stress I think you will find†¦, or I will be interested in your reaction. Avoid creating intense competition among students. Bligh (1971) reports that students are more attentive, display better comprehension, produce more work, and are more favourable to the teaching method when they work cooperatively in groups rather than compete as individuals. Refrain from public criticisms of students performance and from comments or activities that pit students against one another. Be enthusiastic about your subject. An instructors enthusiasm is a crucial factor in student motivation. If you become bored or apathetic, students will too. Typically, an instructors enthusiasm comes from confidence, excitement about the content and genuine pleasure in teaching. If I am uninterested in the material, I think back to what attracted me to the field and bring those aspects of the subject matter to lifeShow MoreRelatedCase for Student Communication in Online Classes1246 Words   |  5 Pageswe learn.† (Maddix; 2010). During these recent years web- based learning has gained so much popularity that, online courses enrolments continue to climb, but retention and completion rates in such courses and programs are lower than traditional classroom schooling. Because of these problems educators have looked into the problems to see what can be done to reverse the trend. As more formal education courses become available online, quality and non-completion remain a problem. This brings me to askRead MoreCompari son Between Classroom Management And The Regulation Of Learner Behavior And Its Effective Learning1666 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Classroom management is applicable in the regulation of learner behavior and consequent effective learning. Class management that is effective involves the attainment of a rich understanding of learner’s needs, the creation of a positive classroom climate as well as students involvement in the process of learning (Emmer Sabornie, 2014). Classroom management has the ultimate objective of making the schoolroom environment-friendly for learning. In this way, classroom management’s primaryRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Children1643 Words   |  7 Pageson promoting access, participation, and progress in education curriculum and allows for the inclusion of learners with diverse needs, we aim to provide a presentation that meets the individual need of participants by representing ideas in a variety of ways, allowing for individualized expression, and encouraging engagement based on learners needs. Though a core concept of this model is the advocacy of those with learni ng disabilities to be incorporated into regular classrooms, this model is stillRead More Effective support strategies for learners Essay597 Words   |  3 Pages Effective classrooms have a positive and purposeful atmosphere, where students and teachers feel valued, and work together in a supportive and safe environment. The effective classroom is one where students learn, and teachers help them to do so without spending much of their time managing problem or difficult behaviour. However, this is not an easy task, and at one time or another teachers may experience difficulty in maintaining a harmonious working environment. The main focus of this chapterRead MoreMy Understanding Of Effective Learning1543 Words   |  7 Pagespositive learner-centred environment that promotes their success and nurtures their individual desires to learn. My understanding of effective learning is developed from the social constructivist theory, which focuses on the role of social interaction and on the impact of sociocultural factors on our ability to process information cognitively (Rogoff, 1998). There are four key principles that uniquely represent a constructivist approach: Learners are active participants in learning, learners are self-regulatedRead MoreMy Understanding Of Effective Learning1543 Words   |  7 Pagespositive learner-centred environment that promotes their success and nurtures their individual desires to learn. My understanding of effective learning is developed from the social constructivist theory, which focuses on the role of social interaction and on the impact of sociocultural factors on our ability to process information cognitively (Rogoff, 1998). There are four key principles that uniquely represent a constructivist approach: Learners are active participants in learning, learners are self-regulatedRead MoreThe Learning Environment Of For Online Instruction1513 Words   |  7 Pagesthis writer identified pertinent scholarly articles that dealt with social constructivism and eLearning. In all of the articles, the authors placed great emphasis upon the learner- centered approach. From the gleanings of the information researched, it is what we (practitioners) do with the information, and how we as (learners) construct knowledge that is relevant and important to eLearning. Some of the Best Practices that are considered priority practices are installing the correct learning contentRead MoreThe Teaching English Language Skills1650 Words   |  7 PagesOnce there was a time in teaching English, when teachers had mainly followed the traditional approach of teaching in various universities, where the learner used to be dependent only on the lecture delivered by the teacher. The learners were not exposed sufficient practice on their own and the interaction among the learners in the classroom was almost absent. That time the main focus was on grammatical rules, memorization of vocabulary, translation of texts and doing writing exercises. Classes wereRead MoreLanguage Pedagogy And Teaching Strategies1464 Words   |  6 PagesAustralia, CLT is a preferred approach to be adopted for second language teaching (Fernandez, 2008). Therefore, the pedagogy of CLT incorporating an array of supportive teaching strategies will be implemented in my LOTE teaching to ensure that all L2 learners are engaged, challenged and learning successfully. Communicative Language Teaching Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is a method to teach modern languages that focuses on learning to communicate. In terms of principles of CLT, KumaravadiveluRead MoreClassroom Management Plan1553 Words   |  6 PagesManagement Plan Having a well-managed classroom is essential in creation of an effective classroom flow. In creating a well-managed classroom it is important that students have structure to follow. This provides an optimal learning environment for the students, where they feel secure. 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Clues in the Pre-1850 US Censuses - How to Dig Details from the Early Census Records

Most genealogists researching American ancestors love the detailed censuses taken between 1850 and 1940. Yet our eyes glaze over and our head starts hurting when we take on the columns and head counts of the pre-1850 census enumerations. Many researchers go so far as to avoid them altogether, or use them only as a source for the head of household. When used together, however, these early U.S. census records can often provide important clues to early American families. The earliest U.S. census schedules, 1790-1840, furnish only the names of the free heads of family, not of other family members. These schedules totaled the number of other family members, without name, by free or slave status. Free, white individuals were also grouped by age and sex categories from 1790 through 1810 - a categorization that eventually applied to other persons. The age categories also increased each year, from two age groups for free white males only in 1790, to twelve age groups for free whites and six age groups for slaves and free colored persons in 1840. What Can pre-1850 Census Records Tell US? Since the pre-1850 census records dont identify names (other than head of household) or family relationships, you may be wondering what they can tell you about your ancestors. Pre-1850 census records can be used to: track your ancestors movements prior to 1850distinguish between individuals with the same nameidentify possible children that you may not be aware ofidentify possible parents for your ancestoridentify possible relatives among neighbors By themselves, these early census records dont often provide much useful information, but used together they can generally provide a good picture of a familys structure. The key here is to identify your family in as many of the 1790-1840 censuses as possible, and analyze the information found in each one in conjunction with the others. Sorting Out Whos Who When I research in the pre-1850 census records, I begin by creating a list identifying each individual, their age, and the range of birth years supported by their given age. Looking at the family of Louisa May Alcott* in the 1840 census of Concord, Massachusetts, for example: A.B. Alcott (Amos Bronson Alcott), age 40-49 (b. 1790-1800) 1799Female (wife Abigail?), age 40-49 (b. 1790-1800) 1800Girl (Anna Bronson?), age 10-14 (b. 1825-1831) 1831Girl (Louisa May?), age 5-9 (b. 1831-1836) 1832Girl (Elizabeth Sewell?), age 5-9 (b. 1831-1836) 1835 *the youngest daughter, May, was born in July 1840...after the date of the 1840 census Tip! Men of the same name referred to as Sr or Jr werent necessarily Father and Son. These designations were often used to distinguish between two different people of the same name in the area - Sr for the elder, and Jr for the younger. This method can actually be used to sort out possible parents for your ancestors as well. In researching my Owens ancestors in Edgecombe County, N.C., Ive created a large chart of all of the Owens men listed in the pre-1850 census records, along with the members of their households and the age brackets. While I still havent been able to confirm exactly who goes where, this method did help me narrow down the possibilities. Narrowing Down Birth Dates Using several U.S. census records, you can often narrow down the ages of these early ancestors. To do this, it helps to create a list of the ages and possible birth years for each census year in which you can find your ancestor. Census records can help narrow down the birth year of Amos Bronson Alcox/Alcott, for example, to a range between 1795 and 1800. To be honest, you can get that range for him from a single census record (either 1800 or 1810), but having that same range possible in multiple censuses increases your likelihood of being correct. Amos B. Alcox/Alcott 1840, Concord, Middlesex, Massachusettshead of household, age 40-49 (1790-1800) 1820, Wolcott, New Haven, Connecticutone of the 2 males age 16-25 (1795-1804) 1810, Wolcott, New Haven, Connecticut1 male, age 10-15 (1795-1800) 1800, Wolcott, New Haven, Connecticutmale, age 0-4 (1795-1800) His actual date of birth is 29 Nov 1799, which fits right in. Next Digging Up Deaths from Pre-1850 Census Records Analyzing Family Members Birth Dates Digging Up Deaths Clues to death dates may also be found in the early US census records prior to 1850. The 1830 federal census, for example, lists Anna Alcott (mother of Amos) as head of household with Wd. (for widow) after her name. From this, we know that Joseph Alcott died sometime between the 1820 and 1830 census (he actually died in 1829). Using the age bracket method for the wife/spouse for each census year may reveal the death of one wife and marriage to another. This is generally just guesswork, but look for instances when her possible age jumps between one census and the next, or when the age of the wife makes her too young to be the mother of all the children. Sometimes youll find young children who appear to disappear between one census and the next. This could mean they were just living elsewhere at the time of the census, but it could also indicate that they died.

Essay on The NYS Early Learning Guidelines - 641 Words

The NYS Early Learning Guidelines were created as a reference guide by the Early Childhood Advisory Council (ECAC) for those who are responsible for the care and education of young children. These guidelines can help early childhood professionals with learning and developing their skills in order to foster children’s growth and development. The guideline focuses on the five domains: Physical well-being, Health and Motor Development, Social and Emotional Development, Approaches to learning, Cognition and General Knowledge, Language, Communication and Literacy. Each of these domains are separated by milestone that children, generally, accomplishes at a certain age. The three age groups are Infancy (birth to 18 months), Toddlerhood (18 months†¦show more content†¦The second indicator states that children will know that the alphabet has a symbolic representation that has an individual name. Using one letter shows that each letter has an individual name and shape. Children will learn to recognize the letters when they internalize the name to the physical appearance. The NYS Early Learning Guidelines suggest reading an alphabet book with children. Alphabet books are useful because the letter has a physical form so children can look and say the name of the letter. Also, alphabet books can help build vocabulary. Using an alphabet book during story time helps assess whether or not children remember the letters they learned before. One indicator of the guideline is the child’s ability to â€Å"associate names of letters with their shapes.† (pg. 108) First I would show the pages to children without reading the book. They can link letters to the beginning of their names and they can ask or tell me what word begins with that letter. After reading the book I can ask the children about the letters in the book. I can focus on the letters we have done previously and what objects we can name with them. I can ask them to point out the letters on the alphabet chart. Then I can focus on the letter we are currently working on in class. We can create a word chart with words that begin with the letter â€Å"D.† They can pointShow MoreRelatedThe First Few Years Of Young Children’S Lives Are Very1094 Words   |  5 Pagesoverall development because new learning is happening every day, either during time spent with a teacher or parent. When children are four years old, they are with a teacher full time or part time. That teacher is a professional individual who plays an active role in children’s early childhood development and has a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. 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However, there were early legislative examples of Congress passing laws that mandated a type of health insurance or coverage by those who worked in the maritime industries (Ungar, 2011). The legislation titled â€Å"An act for the relief of sick and disable seamen† required thatRead MoreAnalysis of Moral Development in Young Children Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment theories by Early Childhood Educators. Theo ries posited by Sigmund Freud with regards to the psychological development of children in the early childhood arena will be discussed as well. Suggestions for parents on supporting the moral development of their children will also be addressed. Moral Development is defined as â€Å"changes in thoughts, feelings and behaviors regarding standards of right and wrong† (Santrock, 2010). 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Research suggests that the use of positive social skills with peers early on can lead to the development of positive peer relationships, acceptance, and friendships. Although many children develop these positive social skills naturally, some children do not. Children who are withdrawn as well as young children with mental

Economy and Business Opportunities Method †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Economy and Business Opportunities Method. Answer: Introduction: Austria located in the continent of Europe is one of the most prosperous country. Amongst the 14 richest countries, it is 114th largest nation in the world. Austrias economy is well developed with trained labor force, a huge service sector and viable manufacturing. Food and luxury commodities, mechanical engineering and steel construction, chemicals, and vehicle manufacturing are the most significant companies. The Austrian economic system is a liberated market economy contributing its investors principle conditions (globaltenders.com. 2016). It is naturally rich in iron ore, non-ferrous metals, important minerals and earths and is one of the largest provider of hydroelectric power. It is strongly united with other EU countries specially Germany. Austrias major imports includes machinery and equipment, moods, motor vehicles, chemicals, metal goods, oil and oil products and foodstuffs (Austria.org. 2017). Since World War II, there has been a significant decline in the agricultural share in Austrian economy. There is an inadequacy in production of dry food and nuts as they are restricted to locally grown products like apples, pears and walnuts. The EU, Germany, Turkey and the United States are amongst the major exporters of nuts in Austria. However, there is a continuous increase in demand of nuts particularly almonds by Austrian customers. During the year 2015, dried fruits and nuts imported from The United States were worth USD22.4 million, thereby proving that there is a favorable market opportunity for other countries in this field. Nuts mainly almonds are popular as a snack and are used in the production of breakfast cereal and by other food processing companies. Being the worlds second largest producer of almonds, Australian almond industry is the leader in horticultural export industry. With favorable weather conditions, Australia has huge almond orchards. Production is more eff icient due to automated harvest systems which reduces labor input. There has been a constant increase in the production of almonds in Australia. With free trade agreements and almonds being the largest nut crop in Australia, country is expanding its exports worldwide (Farell 2015). The United States which is one of the major supplier of nuts in Austria has been badly hit due to constant drought in California. There has been an automatic increase in the pricing, hence beneficial for Australia to explore Austrias nut market. The above graph shows that there has been 740% growth in almond production in Australia. Thereby, the country has the opportunity to grow globally. Select Harvests is one of the largest producer and seller of wide variety of nuts and related products in Australia. It is the biggest almond grower and exporter worldwide. It has expanded its horizons in rapid growing markets of India, China, Asia, Europe and the Middle East. With 270 permanent employees, company is continuously expanding its exports of almonds, muesli and health food, thereby looking for new market opportunities in other countries. As discussed above, there is a constant rise in demand of natural foods and nuts especially almonds and with Californias drought stricken condition, Select harvest will have a favorable market for its almonds and other related products in Austria. Situation Analysis is the base of a marketing plan. It takes into consideration both internal as well as external environmental factors to build an overview of the organization. In the present an analysis of the situation comprising of the business environment, analysis of the market of Austria, the competition to be faced by the company Select Harvest and the analysis of the organization, Select Harvest is being done for better understanding of the decision of Select Harvest as to why it prefers to invest in Austria. Business environment comprises of all the external and internal factors that affects the functioning of a company. Macro and micro are the two kinds of external marketing environment. Macro environmental factors includes demographic, legal, political, technological changes and natural forces. However, micro environmental factors includes the suppliers, resellers, customers, competitors, and the general public. Being a democratic republic, Austria is a safe country with low political risk. It is one of the member of European Union. Hence, political scenario will be sanguine for Select Harvest to import its products. Economically, Austria is very strong. Despite of suffering from recession, it has a well developed economy with trade being its crucial part (Singh 2016). Again, providing a favorable economical condition for Select Harvest to enter its market. Socially, people in Austria has high standard of living and the same is understandable and proved as according to World Competitiv eness Yearbook 2009, it has been ranked as number 1 in quality of life. Select Harvest who is presently managing countrys largest almond orchards, would cater Austrian consumers ever increasing demand for high quality natural products. The country is very much advanced in technology. Legally, labor organizations play an important part in overall business in Austria and further to this Select Harvest would be profitable as Austria has business-friendly tax system as well. Apart from the above when it comes to assessing the environment of Austria, it is found that post the World War, the country has been extensively engaged into the work of erecting and sustaining the development and upliftment of the industries. Thereby since Select Harvest plans to invest and start its business dealings with the said country, it will have to ensure to take into considerations the various environmental laws formulated since various laws have been spelt out to ensure that the environment is kept under pollution control if not free in all aspects. Market Analysis In todays scenario, consumers are adopting healthier lifestyle and opting for low calorie foods. During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in food and beverage expenditure. Austria is self-contained for several commodities in organic production. Good market prospects exists for the commodities which are not locally produced. as Austria is mostly mountainous, only plain areas of eastern Austria and some portions of western and northern Austria are suitable for the production of crops. Also due to non favorable weather conditions, Austria is deficient in dried fruits and nuts. As of 2011, estimated total imports of dried fruits and nuts is $150 million which was $130 million in the year 2009.Thereby, showing that there has been a tremendous rise in its demand. Almonds being the major commodity within this category. The forecast for Austrian consumer expenditures on food and beverages (non-alcoholic and alcoholic including tobacco) in 2015 is at USD 3,112 per capita, wh ich is 13.3% of total consumer expenditures. The share of food and beverage expenditures is fairly stable (export.gov.2016). Globally, in the year 2013, Australia has been ranked as number 2 in almond production. With its shares listed on the Australian stock exchange, Select Harvest is the leading Australian nut and health food company. Almonds which are rich in fibre and protein offers a healthy snack and is also used as an important ingredient in many dishes worldwide, particularly in cereals and bakery items. Select harvest provides world class organic products majorly almonds which specifically seems to be best suited for the people of Austria due to their preference for a high standard of living. It has a perfect business market opportunity in Austria which would meet the constantly growing demand of its consumers (International Business Publication 2017). The total market size of dried fruits and nuts as estimated in 2011 is $126 million which was $108 million in 2009, thereby providing an insight of the Austrian market condition and an attraction for Select Harvest to look into Austria as an attrac tive location for expanding its existing business. The biggest supplier of dried fruits and nuts to Austria are Germany, The European Union and Turkey. The United States is fourth in supplying nuts. Out of estimated $150 million imports in the year 2011, the United States accounts for $15million which was $13 million in the year 2009, increased to $22.4 in 2015. Austria imported USD 120 million worth of U.S. agricultural, fishery and forestry products in 2015. Official import numbers do not include significant and steadily growing transshipments of U.S. products from other EU countries.(Source: Global Trade Atlas/Statistic Austria). Hence, real import values are way higher. The above graph evidently states United States as the major competitor for Select Harvest dominating the market with 79% of almond production globally. It has a huge competitive advantage over other countries when it comes to its production and exports. The European Union being the second. Commercially, almonds are grown in California, North America. However, with the constant drought condition in the state, it has resulted in lowering of export volumes, thereby increasing the prices. Australia with 8% of global almond production, can expand its industry worldwide. Select Harvest will have a huge potential in Austria for its almonds. Currently, the company is one of the major exporter trading across the world. It aims at increasing its geographical diversity. Sales of the company has already risen manifolds. With constant expansion plans and high quality products Select harvest can successfully sustain and earn profits in Austria (export.gov. 2016). Organisational Analysis Select Harvest, one of the Australias leading almond producing company was established in the year 1983 with its headquarters in Melbourne. It has huge orchards stretched over New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. The company excels in horticulture, orchard management, processing, sales and marketing. It not only offers nut based products but also has a huge market for other healthy products like muesli and dried fruits(Selectharvest.com.au. 2017). During the soaring season, it has a competence of processing 22,000 tones of almonds. Lucky, Sunsol, Nu-Vit, Meriram, Soland, Allinga Farms and Renshaw are its primary brands. There has been 175% rise in 2014s $21.6 million profit after tax audit of AUD $59.4 million, as per companys financial report ending 30th June 2015 ((Australian Food News. 2015).With Paul Thompson as the managing director, the company has expanded globally. The graph above evidently shows a growth of 285% of Australian almond exports. Select Harvest , leading manufacturer and exporter is a major contributor in this figure. Hence, Select Harvest has competitive advantage over other countries by having geographically diversified almond orchards, free trade agreements, increased consumer requirement for almonds due to health awareness and reduction in exports from America due to continuous drought. SWOT as the name suggests covers strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with the company. It helps the company in making strategic decisions as it takes into account both internal and external factors. With regards to product opportunity i.e. almonds by Select Harvest, an Australian company entering Austrian market, SWOT Analysis provides an insight to the company to make significant decisions in this ever changing environment. The strength of Select Harvest company is that it is a leader in almond grower with its own huge orchards. There has been a continuous increase in growth of almonds and its exports. It has a huge share in domestic as well as international market. However, weaknesses of the company is that it has to pay taxes and has relatively small business unit as compared to the companies in United States who are the major supplier in Austria. The opportunities that the company has is the ever increase in demand of almonds by Austrian consumers. In Austria, with the increase in income, consumers are more inclined towards healthy lifestyle. Thereby, the opportunities that the company has is the ever increase in demand of almonds by Austrian consumers. It has a diversified product base and is not limited in producing almonds. The company is spreading its base by expanding its almonds orchards, hence can easily meet the demands. Also, it is well established globally. Thus, will not face many challenges while entering Austrian market. Lastly, government regulations is the possible threat for the company (advisorgate.com. 2016). Also, despite having drought conditions, United States continues to be major exporter of almonds in Austria. Hence, t o sustain and be profitable Select Harvest has to ensure high quality products. References: Advisorgate.com. (2016). Select Harvest SWOT analysis, Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats for over 40000+ companies and industries. Retrieved from https://swot.advisorgate.com/swot-s/34113-swot-analysis-select-harvest.html Austria.org. (2017). Economy. Retrieved from https://www.austria.org/economy/ Australian Food News. (2015). Australias amazing nut industries are global players. Retrieved form https://www.ausfoodnews.com.au/2015/10/05/australias-amazing-nut-industries-are-global-players.html Export.gov. (2016). Austria- Agriculture. Retrieved from https://www.export.gov/article?id=Austria-Agriculture Farell,R. (2015). Australia: Almonds Booming Downunder. Retrieved from https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Almonds%20Booming%20DownUnder_Canberra_Australia_8-21-2015.pdf Globaltenders.com. (2016). Economy and Business Opportunities from Austria. Retrieved from https://www.globaltenders.com/economy-of-austria.php International Business Publication. (2017). Austria- Export-Import, Trade and Business Directory. Austria Selectharvest.com.au. (2017). About Select Harvest. Retrieved from https://selectharvests.com.au/our-company/ Singh,R. (2016). PESTLE analysis in Austria. Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/doc/55796405/Pestle-Austria